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While we all know from personal
experience that 'stress' clearly intereferes with our mental function,
memory and thinking. How does it do so?
To understand how stress can affect mental preformance,
we first must have a basic understanding of how the brain works,
what 'stress' is, and thus how it might interfere with our mental
performance. Then what role nutrition may play in changing our stress
levels and optimising our mental performance is the subject of the
next chapter.
Mental Performance and Brain Integration.
Mental performance relies totally upon maintaining
integrated brain function under stress also known as Brain Integration.
Brain Integration is a new understanding of brain function derived
from the latest research of how the brain works. In the old view
of the brain, different types of thinking and memory were thought
to be performed in specific areas of the cortex based on sensory
input. Therefore you either accessed these functions and could easily
think in certain ways and remember well, or you couldn't.
The new view of the brain is far more dynamic. Thinking
and memory are no longer seen as being based in single hierarchical
systems, with specific functions performed entirely in one location,
but rather are now seen to be widely distributed systems with processing
done at many different locations and levels throughout the brain.
This multiplexing and parallel processing are highly efficient and
provide enormous processing capacity in a very small space. But
it means the brain is 'time-bound', that is dependent upon the synchronization
and precise timing of neural flows both within processing centers
and between these centers to maintain efficient function.
Because even simple mental processes are performed
in many different parts of the brain, often at different speeds,
to create coherent output in the form of thinking requires the integration
of all these separate processes. Thinking at higher levels requires
even more brain regions to become involved, relying on even higher
levels of integration. The highest level of thinking is found in
the executive, decision-making functions of the frontal lobes of
the brain, and thus requires the highest levels of integration to
work effectively.
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